Medium range ballistic missiles (MRBM)
Ghauri I
Ghauri (Urdu: غوری), also designated Hatf-V, is a nuclear capable[1] medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM) developed by Kahuta Research Laboratories (KRL) of Pakistan. The missile is named after Afghan ruler, Shahabuddin Muhammad Ghauri, of the Ghorid dynasty who reigned over a territory spanning present-day Afghanistan, Pakistan and northern India, while the "Hatf" designation originates from the name of the sword/lance of Prophet Muhammad.[2] Powered by a single stage liquid fuel rocket motor, the missile has an optimum range of 1,500 km and can carry a payload of 700 kg.

The Ghauri missiles are part of Pakistan's Integrated Missile Research and Development Programme (IMRDP).The Ghauri-II, a newer variant with an increased range of 2,300 km (1,429 miles), has been developed by increasing the motor assembly length and using improved propellants.The latest variant, Ghauri-III, is under development with a planned range of 3500–4000 km.

Design

The Ghauri design incorporates mechanisms that start spinning the single booster stage and warhead combination from approximately 10 seconds before termination of the powered flight at 110 seconds. At this point the warhead is separated from the rocket booster stage to fly on a re-entry trajectory that remains stable to its target. With the addition of GPS targeting the warhead accuracy is greatly enhanced.The United States government states that the Ghauri design is based on North Korea's Rodong-1 (also known as Nodong-1) missile.
Operational history

The Ghauri was first test-fired on 6 April 1998 from Malute, near the city of Jhelum, about 76 miles south of the capital Islamabad.Fired from a mobile launcher, it travelled 1,100 km (682 miles) in a flight lasting 9 minutes and 58 seconds before hitting its designated target in the desert of Balochistan.[8] After this test-firing, the missile was nicknamed "India Killer" by the international press.

On December 20 of 2010, Ghauri was test-fired from Tilla Range. The ISPR reported that the missile is capable of carrying all kind of warheads besides hitting its target at a range of 1300 kilometers.
Naming controversy

In February 2006, Karzai regime delivered a complaint to Pakistan for naming its lethal ballistic missiles after Afghan kings and rulers (i.e. Abdali, Ghaznavid and Ghauri), arguing that their names should be bracketed with academic, cultural and peace-promoting institutions, not with tools of destruction and killing. However, Pakistan declined to change the missiles' names stating that these Muslim rulers are considered heroes in Pakistan as well, and naming missiles after them is not controversial.Muhammad Ghouri empire spanned the present day post-colonial states of Afghanistan, Iran, India, and Pakistan


Shaheen-I
The Shaheen (Urdu: شاهين) missile series, named after a species of falcon found in the mountains of Pakistan, was developed by NESCOM's National Defence Complex (NDC) of Pakistan. Shaheen I is also designated Hatf IV.
Description

The Shaheen I is a short-range ballistic missile (SRBM) with an optimal range of 750 km, while Shaheen II is a medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM)with an optimal range of 3000 - 3500 km propelled by a single stage solid fuel rocket motor. The Shaheen I can deliver either a conventional or a nuclear payload much faster than liquid fuelled missiles such as the Ghauri because it does not need to be fuelled before launch, reducing deployment time significantly.

The Shaheen I and Shaheen II are believed to be very accurate;Pakistani military sources state a CEP of 25 to 50 m can be achieved,partly due to a "post-separation attitude correction system."This system would allow the missile to modify its trajectory, improving accuracy and, along with the stealthy warhead shaping, giving some capability to evade missile defence systems. It is based on terminal guidance system technology, which improves warhead accuracy by firing small thrusters to adjust the warhead's trajectory and uses satellite navigation systems to help find the target. Such systems would allow the Shaheen to be used against strategic targets without requiring a nuclear warhead to ensure the target's destruction.
Operational history

The Shaheen I was first test-launched on April 15, 1999. Two test-launches of a second version with greater range and improved accuracy were carried out in October 2002 and two more in October 2003. A batch of Shaheen I missiles, enough to equip one regiment/battery, was handed over to the Pakistan Army in 2003 along with mobile launchers.Another was tested on 8 May 2010

Ghauri II

The Ghauri-II is a medium-range ballistic missile (MRBM). A longer ranged variant of the Ghauri-I, it was developed by increasing the length of the motor assembly and using improved propellants.

Development

The Ghauri-I started development at the Khan Research Laboratories in 1993, with the first flight test occurring in 1998. The first flight test of the Ghauri-II took place in 1999 and the missile was handed over to the armed forces. Flight testing and improvements for both missiles continued into 2004. Ghauri-II missile is currently operational with Pakistan's Armed forces.
Design

The Ghauri-II missile has a maximum range of 2,000 km (1,250 miles). It is 18.0 m in length, has a diameter of 1.35 m and a launch weight of 17,800 kg. Its payload is a single separating warhead weighing 1200 kg, or as low as 750 kg for use at its maximum range.This may used to carry a 250 kg warhead of a 15 to 30 kt yield nuclear, HE or sub-munition warhead. The missile uses a single-stage liquid propellant rocket motor.

The Ghauri-II design improves accuracy by a employing mechanisms that spin the single booster stage and warhead combination approximately 10 seconds before the termination of the powered flight phase at 110 seconds.At this point, the warhead is then separated from the booster stage to fly on a re-entry trajectory that remains stable to its target, greatly enhancing the missile's accuracy. With the addition of GPS targeting the warhead accuracy is further enhanced.

Like most Pakistani missile systems, transporter erector launcher (TEL) vehicles are used to transport and launch Ghauri II.